In past time some of volleyball rules has changed, some has been added. Volleyball is still the No. 2 participation sport in the world, trailing only soccer. Over 1,046,000,000 people play volleyball throughout the world.

 

Summary

Volleyball is a sport played by two teams on a playing court divided by a net. There are different versions available for specific circumstances in order to offer the versatility of the game to everyone. The object of the game is to send the ball over the net in order to ground it on the opponent’s court, and to prevent the same effort by the opponent. The team has three hits for returning the ball (in addition to the block contact). The ball is put in play with a service: hit by the server over the net to the opponents. The rally continues until the ball is grounded on the playing court, goes “out” or a team fails to return it properly. In Volleyball, the team winning a rally scores a point (Rally Point System). When the receiving team wins a rally, it gains a point and the right to serve, and its players rotate one position clockwise.

ROTATE!

Each of the six players on an indoor team rotates a position after winning back service from the opponent. This is the key to the tactics of indoor volleyball – you cannot simply keep your best blockers and spikers at the net or your best defenders in backcourt. After serving from position one, players rotate to position six (middle back), then position five (left back), position four (left front), position three (middle front) and position two (right front) before returning to serve. A team must be in correct rotation order before the serve is put into play. Once the ball is served, the players can move positions but backcourt players cannot move to the net to block or spike. They must make all attacking actions from behind the attack line (hence the advent of the backcourt attack to have great spikers participating in all six rotations). The rotation rule explains why a setter often appears to be ‘hiding’ behind his or her players before a point. The setter must be in proper rotation order before sprinting to the net or a point is given to the opposition.

SERVICE

A serve begins each rally. A player must hit the ball with his or her hand over the net to land inside the lines of the court. Players may serve underarm or overarm (hardly anyone at elite level would offer an underarm serve). A popular serve is the ‘jump’ or ‘spike’ serve: the player jumps and serves the ball while airborne. Players such as Italy’s Andrea Santoretti are devastating jump servers, able to serve at great speed with tremendous spin. Each player gets only one chance to serve. A new rule means the serve can now touch the net and continue into the opponent’s court. Before, a net touch on service ended the rally and the point was awarded to the receiving team. When the serving team loses a rally, it loses the right to serve. The receiving team then rotates one position on the court.

DIG

The ‘dig’ is a forearm pass that is used to control the ball and pass it to the setter at the net. It is usually the first contact by the team and an effective shot to use in defence, such as when receiving a spike. Nowadays, a specialist receiver called a ‘libero’ handles much of the team’s serve reception and is pivotal in backcourt defence.

SET

The ‘set’ is an overhead pass used to change the direction of the dig and put the ball in a good position for the spiker. It is usually the team’s second contact. Setting is the tactical centre of volleyball. A setter must be good enough to keep the big blockers from dominating the net. The setter must feed his or her best hitters while also looking for opponent’s blocking weaknesses (such as a short player on the front line or a slow centre blocker).

SPIKE

Crack! The ‘spike’ is when the ball is hit or smashed across the net. It is the most powerful shot in volleyball – and the most effective way to win a rally.

BLOCK

This is the first line of defence in volleyball. The objective of the ‘block’ is to stop the spiked ball from crossing the net or to channel the spike to defenders. The three front-court players share blocking. Teams usually opt for a ‘read and react’ block (whereby they try to react to the ball leaving the setter’s hands) or for a ‘commit’ block (whereby they decide before the point whether to jump on the quick middle balls). The key to good blocking is penetration – the best blockers reach well over the net and into the opponent’s court rather than reaching straight up, where they can be easily ‘tooled’ by quality hitters.

THE BALL

After testing many colours, the FIVB introduced a ball with yellow, blue and white panels at the World Championships in Japan in 1998. It replaced the traditional all-white ball.

THE RALLY POINT SYSTEM

In 1998 the FIVB also tried some different scoring systems. At its World Congress in October 1998, the FIVB ratified the ‘rally point’ system. Every rally would now earn a point. The first four sets are played to 25, but the winning team must be ahead by at least two points. The fifth set is played to 15 – and again the winner must have a two-point margin. The new system is designed to make the scoring system easier to follow and games faster and more exciting.

THE LIBERO

Since Atlanta 1996, the FIVB has also introduced a new specialised defensive player: the ‘libero’. The libero can perform only as a backcourt player and may not play an attacking shot (when the ball is hit back across the net), serve or block. If the libero makes an overhead set of the ball in front of the 3m attack line, the ball may not be spiked over by the team. If the libero makes the same action behind the front zone, the ball may be freely attacked. The libero must wear a jersey with a different colour or design than those of other team members.
 
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